Caput succedaneum is caused by pressure of the uterus, vaginal wall and muscles on the baby’s head. It is often a result of a difficult labor, especially after the uterine membranes break and as the baby’s head descends into the birth canal. Caput SuccedaneumĬaput succedaneum is a medical condition marked by swelling on an infant’s scalp’s soft tissues. Lacerations from vacuum extractions are very rare. However, deep lacerations may require stitches and other types of medical intervention to prevent complications. Normally, lacerations are superficial and require minimal medical treatment. In some cases, however, the use of the vacuum extraction, or ventouse method can cause cuts known as lacerations. Vacuum extraction may also cause bruising to the baby’s scalp. Also known as forceps marks, these bruises eventually heal on their own. The pressure of the forceps’ branches upon a baby’s head or face can cause bruising. Periosteal contusions occur under or on top of the bones.Ĭontusions can also be caused by the use of medical instruments, especially forceps.Intramuscular contusions occur within muscle tissue.Subcutaneous contusions occur under the skin.There are three types of contusions: subcutaneous, intramuscular and periosteal. This causes some breakage in the baby’s capillaries and venules and forms contusions or bruises. The mother’s pelvic bones and the muscles of the birth canal exert pressure on a newborn during labor. Contusions (Bruises)Ĭhildbirth is a traumatic experience for a baby’s body even under the best of circumstances. Parents often notice their baby has redness around the eyes, or has a bright red spot on the white of the eye. While not technically a “bruise”, a subconjunctival hemorrhage occurs when the tiny blood vessels under the surface of the eye rupture. When a doctor uses too much force with birth assisting tools, the infant can suffer from bruising, petechiae, cuts, lacerations, or more serious injuries. Improper use of vacuum extractors or forceps may result in painful contusions or other injuries. Some of the birth injuries that may include bruising and petechiae include: Birth TraumaĪlthough some incidents that lead to infant bruising are inevitable, some are the result of medical errors and poor judgment. Others, however, may be more extensive and may require medical intervention. Some are minor and may not require any treatment at all. There are a variety of conditions and birth injuries that can lead to bruising and petechiae. Types of Birth Injuries Linked to Bruising and Petechiae It is always best to talk to your doctor if your child suddenly develops bruising or petechiae. However, if your child has suffered a birth injury or has other symptoms, there may be an underlying cause that is more serious than a bump or minor injury. Generally, bruising and petechiae are not something to be concerned about on their own. Blood then leaks into the skin, which is why it appears more like a rash. Petechiae is the result of tiny blood vessels breaking open. Petechiae is also caused by bleeding under the skin, but instead of a bruised appearance, the marks look more like a rash made of dots.
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